This is another play that is set in the Trojan War. Hector and his troops and allies are camped outside of the walls of Troy. They have just won a decisive victory over the Argives and have in mind to finish off the job tomorrow. Word reaches Hector that there are fires burning all night in the camp of the invaders, and some think they may be preparing to take to their ships and sneak away under cover of darkness. Hector sends Dolon to spy on them and determine their intent. He does not want them to escape without inflicting further losses. Dolon plans to sneak through the enemy camp hiding under a wolf skin.
Before Dolon returns, Rhesus and his troops arrive to help Hector. Hector is really conflicted by this. He has previously begged Rhesus for his help and is not pleased that Rhesus is arriving just in time to deliver the final blow. Both Hector and Rhesus speak their minds openly. When Rhesus reveals that he has been trying to come for years and was prevented by various battles that needed to be fought along the way, Hector gives in to the offer of his help. The plan is to attack in the morning, so Rhesus and his men go to sleep.
Dolon never returns, because he has been captured and killed by Odysseus, who is on the Argive side. Now Odysseus and Diomedes are sneaking around spying on the Trojans. They kill Rhesus and steal his horses. The charioteer of Rhesus accuses Hector of treachery since they were supposedly safely within Trojan lines. The real treachery is from the goddess Athena who has been assisting Odysseus.
Rhesus was the son of a Muse who understands that his death would not have occurred without Athena's help. The play ends with the Muse caring for Rhesus' burial, and Hector preparing to attack the enemies of Troy.
Interesting quotes:
Aeneas: ...among mortals the same man is not dowered by nature with universal knowledge; each hath his special gift appointed him, thine is arms, anothers is sage counsel.
Chorus: Beware of what may chance; full oft doth fortune veer. A little classier way of saying "Don't count your chickens before they hatch."
Hector: I loathe the friend who brings his help too late.
So...the burning question which the play doesn't answer....Did some one shoot Dolon with an arrow or spear him, because they thought he was a wolf or because he was recognized as a spy?
Monday, February 13, 2012
Thursday, February 2, 2012
Philoctetes by Sophocles
Poor Philoctetes....all of these Greek plays seem to have someone who has gotten the short end of the stick. In this play it is Philoctetes who has been dealt a bitter lot by the gods. He was once a mighty warrior, particularly skilled with bow and arrow, but following a viper bite on his foot which did not heal, he became odious to his comrades. He was abandoned on a deserted and rarely visited island to fend for himself. The reason given was that they could not properly make sacrifices and burn incense to the gods with someone in their company who had such a repugnant and putrefying wound. I suppose the odor of the wound would have risen heavenward with the incense and aroma of the sacrifice, and therefore, made the sacrifice displeasing to the gods.
At least a decade has passed during which time, Philoctetes has lived in a cave and survived by hunting game with his bow and arrow. But now, things have changed. A prophet has declared that Troy will not be won without the skills of Philoctetes as an archer. Odysseus, who was in the party that first abandoned him, has now come to retrieve him. Odysseus knows the resentment that Philoctetes will feel toward him and believes that he will only consent if he is tricked into it.
Odysseus enlists the help of Neoptolemus, a man unknown to Philoctetes. Neoptolemus is a man who has a conscience and believes in telling the truth. Initially, he does not want to be part of deception, but Odysseus convinces him that it is for the greater good.
When Philoctetes returns to his cave, he encounters Neoptolemus, who spins a convincing tale. Philoctetes believes that Neoptolemus will take him back to his own country. He even allows Neoptolemus to hold his bow while he rests. But, Neoptolemus cannot fight his conscience indefinitely. When Philoctetes awakens from his rest, Neoptolemus spills out the truth.
Odysseus arrives on the scene and is very angry. An argument ensues. In the end Heracles appears in the sky above them with a message from Zeus. If Philoctetes will go with Odysseus and Neoptolemus to Troy, his horrible wound will be healed, he will help to defeat the Trojans and will be a hero. Philoctetes consents.
Does the end justify the means? In this play, the question is not really resolved. A messenger from the gods swoops in at the crucial moment and tidies up the mess created by the lies. We don't know whether the deception of Odysseus or the honesty of Neoptolemus would have brought about the best result.
Interesting quotes:
Odysseus: ...our honesty shall be shown forth another time. But now lend thyself to me for one little knavish day, and then, through all thy days to come, be called the most righteous of mankind.
Neoptolemus: But my wish, O King, is to do right and miss my aim, rather than succeed by evil ways.
Philoctetes: ..wherein shall I praise them, when, praising the ways of the gods, I find that the gods are evil?
My thoughts?
I guess Odysseus hasn't figured out that if you ever lie, you have given others a reason to question you forever after. Once your deceit is known, there is no hope of being thought righteous in the future...unless, there is some life-altering experience, followed by years of rejecting evil. And even then.......others will be thinking, "hmmm...I wonder...."
And here we are again with those Greek gods who are no better than the humans they manipulate. What is the point of having capricious gods who have no moral standard? The only purpose would be to try to explain the pain and suffering in the world. But, they offer no genuine healing from it. There is no Savior and no assurance of a better world after this one. These gods are useless.
At least a decade has passed during which time, Philoctetes has lived in a cave and survived by hunting game with his bow and arrow. But now, things have changed. A prophet has declared that Troy will not be won without the skills of Philoctetes as an archer. Odysseus, who was in the party that first abandoned him, has now come to retrieve him. Odysseus knows the resentment that Philoctetes will feel toward him and believes that he will only consent if he is tricked into it.
Odysseus enlists the help of Neoptolemus, a man unknown to Philoctetes. Neoptolemus is a man who has a conscience and believes in telling the truth. Initially, he does not want to be part of deception, but Odysseus convinces him that it is for the greater good.
When Philoctetes returns to his cave, he encounters Neoptolemus, who spins a convincing tale. Philoctetes believes that Neoptolemus will take him back to his own country. He even allows Neoptolemus to hold his bow while he rests. But, Neoptolemus cannot fight his conscience indefinitely. When Philoctetes awakens from his rest, Neoptolemus spills out the truth.
Odysseus arrives on the scene and is very angry. An argument ensues. In the end Heracles appears in the sky above them with a message from Zeus. If Philoctetes will go with Odysseus and Neoptolemus to Troy, his horrible wound will be healed, he will help to defeat the Trojans and will be a hero. Philoctetes consents.
Does the end justify the means? In this play, the question is not really resolved. A messenger from the gods swoops in at the crucial moment and tidies up the mess created by the lies. We don't know whether the deception of Odysseus or the honesty of Neoptolemus would have brought about the best result.
Interesting quotes:
Odysseus: ...our honesty shall be shown forth another time. But now lend thyself to me for one little knavish day, and then, through all thy days to come, be called the most righteous of mankind.
Neoptolemus: But my wish, O King, is to do right and miss my aim, rather than succeed by evil ways.
Philoctetes: ..wherein shall I praise them, when, praising the ways of the gods, I find that the gods are evil?
My thoughts?
I guess Odysseus hasn't figured out that if you ever lie, you have given others a reason to question you forever after. Once your deceit is known, there is no hope of being thought righteous in the future...unless, there is some life-altering experience, followed by years of rejecting evil. And even then.......others will be thinking, "hmmm...I wonder...."
And here we are again with those Greek gods who are no better than the humans they manipulate. What is the point of having capricious gods who have no moral standard? The only purpose would be to try to explain the pain and suffering in the world. But, they offer no genuine healing from it. There is no Savior and no assurance of a better world after this one. These gods are useless.
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
A Memory of Being Young and Powerless
Today as I tutored a high school student in biology, we went through a table of vitamins and why they are important to the functions of the body. It has been many years, but Vitamin B-12 triggered an unpleasant memory.
At this time of year in 1965, I was in nursing school in the Chicago area and affiliating for 3 months at Chicago State Hospital. In 1965 that place was a hell-hole in more ways than can easily be described.
I don't remember what ward I was working on, but I was instructed to leave my usual assignment and go to a huge ward where elderly people with dementia were warehoused....and I do mean, warehoused. I was assigned to give each of them an injection of Vitamin B-12.
Dozens of frail old souls, who fortunately had no idea where they were, sprawled on rickety metal cots with plastic covered mattresses. Most were naked or nearly so, and did not have a sheet between them and the plastic. I watched as one aide put a sheet on the mattress without cleaning up the feces smeared on its surface.
It sickened me that I was powerless to change the situation. I was a student with a tray of syringes. My only function was to see that everyone got their Vitamin B-12 to satisfy some requirement and allow someone to put a check mark in the appropriate space. Apparently there was no requirement for dignity, much less TLC.
I saw worse things there. I wish I had had the power or courage to do something. But, I was young...20 years old and trying to do what was expected of me. Classmates came away from those three months rocking on the edge emotionally. I survived. But, the images are embedded in my mind.
I suppose the impact of such experiences is one reason I am so intolerant of people who are careless in their care of others or who take advantage of the vulnerable. Last year, my mother-in-law was in a nursing home, and I walked in on an aide not cleaning her up properly. I am no longer a powerless 20 year old, and I did not remain silent. I am sure that some nice tolerant Christian ladies would think I was overly assertive...not gracious enough, but they have never stood in my shoes looking over a room of hurting souls with nothing in my hands but a tray of syringes filled with Vitamin B-12.
At this time of year in 1965, I was in nursing school in the Chicago area and affiliating for 3 months at Chicago State Hospital. In 1965 that place was a hell-hole in more ways than can easily be described.
I don't remember what ward I was working on, but I was instructed to leave my usual assignment and go to a huge ward where elderly people with dementia were warehoused....and I do mean, warehoused. I was assigned to give each of them an injection of Vitamin B-12.
Dozens of frail old souls, who fortunately had no idea where they were, sprawled on rickety metal cots with plastic covered mattresses. Most were naked or nearly so, and did not have a sheet between them and the plastic. I watched as one aide put a sheet on the mattress without cleaning up the feces smeared on its surface.
It sickened me that I was powerless to change the situation. I was a student with a tray of syringes. My only function was to see that everyone got their Vitamin B-12 to satisfy some requirement and allow someone to put a check mark in the appropriate space. Apparently there was no requirement for dignity, much less TLC.
I saw worse things there. I wish I had had the power or courage to do something. But, I was young...20 years old and trying to do what was expected of me. Classmates came away from those three months rocking on the edge emotionally. I survived. But, the images are embedded in my mind.
I suppose the impact of such experiences is one reason I am so intolerant of people who are careless in their care of others or who take advantage of the vulnerable. Last year, my mother-in-law was in a nursing home, and I walked in on an aide not cleaning her up properly. I am no longer a powerless 20 year old, and I did not remain silent. I am sure that some nice tolerant Christian ladies would think I was overly assertive...not gracious enough, but they have never stood in my shoes looking over a room of hurting souls with nothing in my hands but a tray of syringes filled with Vitamin B-12.
Monday, January 23, 2012
Happy Meals?
Last evening, while traveling with a grandson, we stopped at a McDonald's. Of course, he wanted a Happy Meal....you know, one of those package deals where you get a toy in addition to the burger and fries? It got me to thinking about a couple of times when I have gotten something in addition to my burger and fries.
In the position I held before I retired, I did a fair amount of traveling around a three county area. One day I had an early afternoon appointment a little over an hour away from my office. I arrived in the town enough ahead of the appointment to grab a quick lunch at the McDonald's.
I had no sooner settled in and begun eating when a gentleman dressed in slacks and a sport coat sat down at the table adjacent to mine. The table was positioned close enough that he could easily engage me in conversation. I immediately thought that in spite of his natty appearance, there was something a bit odd going on with him. His attempt at conversation confirmed my suspicions. He mentioned that he lived in a nearby hotel, and that he had an allotment he could spend each day on food. He detailed exactly what he had had to eat for his recent meals and the cost....to the penny...of each. That was the sum total of the conversation.
When I arrived at my appointment, which was with a man well-connected in that community, I mentioned the incident. He immediately knew to whom I had been talking. He explained that the man was a brilliant former college professor who had suffered an emotional breakdown. He was recently discharged from a psychiatric facility and, having nowhere to go, was placed in a hotel within walking distance of restaurants.
Some years earlier, my husband and I were in Seattle at a conference. We had a couple hours free between meetings and decided to drive around and get a feel for the city. We stopped at a McDonald's for a quick supper. As we ate, I noticed a man making his way around the restaurant and stopping to talk at every table. He was getting the brush-off from most of the patrons. I commented to my husband, something like, "Oh, dear....that man is pestering customers. He is probably mentally ill."
Eventually he worked his way to our table, paused, and with the sweetest smile, said to my husband, "Sir, may I compliment you on your taste in women?" My husband smiled and thanked him. I gave him an appreciative grin. As he walked away, my husband muttered in a chiding tone, but with a smirk, "And you said he was mentally ill."
So, I got something in addition to the burger and fries on those occasions. I'm not sure it could be called a "Happy Meal." Maybe, it was more like a "Bittersweet Meal." It included a shake of sadness and a dash of humor, and it was spread with a layer of the reality that we are often in close proximity to hurting people.
In the position I held before I retired, I did a fair amount of traveling around a three county area. One day I had an early afternoon appointment a little over an hour away from my office. I arrived in the town enough ahead of the appointment to grab a quick lunch at the McDonald's.
I had no sooner settled in and begun eating when a gentleman dressed in slacks and a sport coat sat down at the table adjacent to mine. The table was positioned close enough that he could easily engage me in conversation. I immediately thought that in spite of his natty appearance, there was something a bit odd going on with him. His attempt at conversation confirmed my suspicions. He mentioned that he lived in a nearby hotel, and that he had an allotment he could spend each day on food. He detailed exactly what he had had to eat for his recent meals and the cost....to the penny...of each. That was the sum total of the conversation.
When I arrived at my appointment, which was with a man well-connected in that community, I mentioned the incident. He immediately knew to whom I had been talking. He explained that the man was a brilliant former college professor who had suffered an emotional breakdown. He was recently discharged from a psychiatric facility and, having nowhere to go, was placed in a hotel within walking distance of restaurants.
Some years earlier, my husband and I were in Seattle at a conference. We had a couple hours free between meetings and decided to drive around and get a feel for the city. We stopped at a McDonald's for a quick supper. As we ate, I noticed a man making his way around the restaurant and stopping to talk at every table. He was getting the brush-off from most of the patrons. I commented to my husband, something like, "Oh, dear....that man is pestering customers. He is probably mentally ill."
Eventually he worked his way to our table, paused, and with the sweetest smile, said to my husband, "Sir, may I compliment you on your taste in women?" My husband smiled and thanked him. I gave him an appreciative grin. As he walked away, my husband muttered in a chiding tone, but with a smirk, "And you said he was mentally ill."
So, I got something in addition to the burger and fries on those occasions. I'm not sure it could be called a "Happy Meal." Maybe, it was more like a "Bittersweet Meal." It included a shake of sadness and a dash of humor, and it was spread with a layer of the reality that we are often in close proximity to hurting people.
Tuesday, January 10, 2012
I'm an Irritable Old Lady
I think I am becoming an irritable old lady. I am not having patience with people who don't see the big picture and who seem to value the concerns of an institution over those of the individuals they are supposed to serve. I know I should be kind and gracious, but I can't seem to repress my annoyance.
Yesterday I was tutoring a high school student. We were going to be done at noon. I did not know that someone had scheduled the room we were using for a meeting at noon, but even if I had, we would have been out by then. At 11:45 the individual arrived, entered without saying "I'm sorry to interrupt you" or introducing herself, and informed us that she needed the room for a meeting. I said that we were in a tutoring session. She did not ask when we would be done...just repeated she needed the room, and she had reserved it. The white board in the room had her meeting on it, but no time indicated. She persisted until we packed up and left. It seemed to me really rude to make us move with only 15 minutes left in our session. Today the student I tutored said, "Wasn't I 'in a meeting?' Why was her meeting more important than mine?"
Why, indeed? As an educational administrator, the meeting chair should realize the importance of helping students to value education. The tutoring session was as important as her meeting. It was not going to conflict time-wise with her meeting. She just seemed to want to assert her authority. I know I left the room with steam coming out of my ears.
Today, I placed a call to another educational institution. I was trying to get information on GED classes for a high school dropout who needs some encouragement to sign up. I already had all of the basic information from a prior phone call and exploration of the website. I tried to tell the person who answered the phone that I really only had one question, but she launched into her full spiel on the need to come to an orientation session first, blah-blah-blah. All I really wanted to know was if there were any classes available downtown, since the person in question lives near downtown and has no transportation. The GED site is outside of the city limits and the bus doesn't go out that far. She then went into a lengthy explanation of the process and that, perhaps, the student could do this by distance learning. I had already told her the person's age...20. I reminded her that the website said a person had to be 21 in order to take the course by distance learning.
I then had to ask multiple questions quite persistently before I finally learned that although that institution doesn't teach it, there is a GED class run by another organization that meets in the downtown library. By the time I finished this conversation, I was once again annoyed, and the person to whom I had been speaking was clearly upset with me too.
My husband just came upstairs from his den and showed me a letter he had written expressing his annoyance with a state agency that keeps sending letters threatening his deceased mother with fines for non-payment of something. He is enclosing a photocopy of the check which paid the original fee many months ago. He can't seem to get this straightened out, and it is upsetting to his still living 94 year old father who keeps getting these dunning letters. My husband said the world is filled with incompetence. He was feeling irritable.
Believe it or not....we both really do try to be nice to people.
Grumble, mutter, sigh. Are we just getting old and cranky?
Yesterday I was tutoring a high school student. We were going to be done at noon. I did not know that someone had scheduled the room we were using for a meeting at noon, but even if I had, we would have been out by then. At 11:45 the individual arrived, entered without saying "I'm sorry to interrupt you" or introducing herself, and informed us that she needed the room for a meeting. I said that we were in a tutoring session. She did not ask when we would be done...just repeated she needed the room, and she had reserved it. The white board in the room had her meeting on it, but no time indicated. She persisted until we packed up and left. It seemed to me really rude to make us move with only 15 minutes left in our session. Today the student I tutored said, "Wasn't I 'in a meeting?' Why was her meeting more important than mine?"
Why, indeed? As an educational administrator, the meeting chair should realize the importance of helping students to value education. The tutoring session was as important as her meeting. It was not going to conflict time-wise with her meeting. She just seemed to want to assert her authority. I know I left the room with steam coming out of my ears.
Today, I placed a call to another educational institution. I was trying to get information on GED classes for a high school dropout who needs some encouragement to sign up. I already had all of the basic information from a prior phone call and exploration of the website. I tried to tell the person who answered the phone that I really only had one question, but she launched into her full spiel on the need to come to an orientation session first, blah-blah-blah. All I really wanted to know was if there were any classes available downtown, since the person in question lives near downtown and has no transportation. The GED site is outside of the city limits and the bus doesn't go out that far. She then went into a lengthy explanation of the process and that, perhaps, the student could do this by distance learning. I had already told her the person's age...20. I reminded her that the website said a person had to be 21 in order to take the course by distance learning.
I then had to ask multiple questions quite persistently before I finally learned that although that institution doesn't teach it, there is a GED class run by another organization that meets in the downtown library. By the time I finished this conversation, I was once again annoyed, and the person to whom I had been speaking was clearly upset with me too.
My husband just came upstairs from his den and showed me a letter he had written expressing his annoyance with a state agency that keeps sending letters threatening his deceased mother with fines for non-payment of something. He is enclosing a photocopy of the check which paid the original fee many months ago. He can't seem to get this straightened out, and it is upsetting to his still living 94 year old father who keeps getting these dunning letters. My husband said the world is filled with incompetence. He was feeling irritable.
Believe it or not....we both really do try to be nice to people.
Grumble, mutter, sigh. Are we just getting old and cranky?
Friday, January 6, 2012
Double Date
I didn't date a lot when I was a teen and young adult. When I met my husband I could count my prior dates on one hand. So, I didn't double date much then, and I certainly never expected to double date with a grandson.
Our 16 year old grandson is currently living with us. He recently met a girl at his high school. After spending quite a bit of time talking and "hanging out," they decided that they wanted to be "in a relationship." I think that's one of the ways young people refer to the arrangement. He was anxious for us to meet her. We had intended to go skating with them this evening, but the ice arena was closed to public skating, because of a hockey tournament. We ended up at Friendly's for ice cream and get-acquainted conversation.
How strange....I have never heard of grandparents double dating with a grandson and his girlfriend. Don't get me wrong here....I am certainly glad that he wanted us to meet her, and we were happy to do so. I'm just feeling a bit amused.
Our 16 year old grandson is currently living with us. He recently met a girl at his high school. After spending quite a bit of time talking and "hanging out," they decided that they wanted to be "in a relationship." I think that's one of the ways young people refer to the arrangement. He was anxious for us to meet her. We had intended to go skating with them this evening, but the ice arena was closed to public skating, because of a hockey tournament. We ended up at Friendly's for ice cream and get-acquainted conversation.
How strange....I have never heard of grandparents double dating with a grandson and his girlfriend. Don't get me wrong here....I am certainly glad that he wanted us to meet her, and we were happy to do so. I'm just feeling a bit amused.
Tuesday, January 3, 2012
Right of Way
One of my pet peeves encountered in driving is the situation where someone wants to give me the right of way, when it isn't really mine. I see three difficulties with this. First, the person trying to force me into taking the right of way may not see the whole picture. Second, if an accident resulted, it would be my fault, not the fault of the person trying to be "polite." Lastly, the person trying to be considerate of me, may not realize he is being inconsiderate of vehicles behind him.
Today I approached an intersection and stopped for a red light. I had my turn signal on, because I was planning to make a left turn. When the light turned green, a car coming straight through from the other direction tried to wave me in front of him. I shook my head 'no,' so he tried to wave me on again. I pointed at the street I planned to turn into. An elderly woman was crossing, and I preferred not to run her down. He didn't understand that I was trying to get him to look in that direction, and with an exasperated expression and shrug, finally came through the intersection. He probably muttered for the next block about my lack of gratitude. I muttered for the next several blocks about what would have happened if I had just swung into that left turn based on his go-ahead.
So, don't do me any "favors" when I am behind the wheel. If the right of way is mine, I expect to get it. If the right of way is yours, please, take it.
There are some analogies to life in general here, but I will let you make them on your own.
Today I approached an intersection and stopped for a red light. I had my turn signal on, because I was planning to make a left turn. When the light turned green, a car coming straight through from the other direction tried to wave me in front of him. I shook my head 'no,' so he tried to wave me on again. I pointed at the street I planned to turn into. An elderly woman was crossing, and I preferred not to run her down. He didn't understand that I was trying to get him to look in that direction, and with an exasperated expression and shrug, finally came through the intersection. He probably muttered for the next block about my lack of gratitude. I muttered for the next several blocks about what would have happened if I had just swung into that left turn based on his go-ahead.
So, don't do me any "favors" when I am behind the wheel. If the right of way is mine, I expect to get it. If the right of way is yours, please, take it.
There are some analogies to life in general here, but I will let you make them on your own.
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